Imenyekanisha
Mu bikorwa vy’inganda nk’uguhingura imodoka n’uguhingura ibikoresho vyo mu nzu, uburyo bw’ibihimba vy’umubiri bifatanya ni bwo bugena ata guca ku ruhande inkomezi z’imibumbe n’ubuzima bw’ibikoresho. MuIncuro ziringaniye, nk’ibikoresho nyamukuru mu gusudira kw’ubuhinga bwa none, bitegerezwa gushitsa ibisabwa bikomeye mu bipimo vyinshi harimwo ubuhinga bw’ibikoresho, imiterere y’ubuhinga, n’ugushikama kw’ibikorwa. Iki kiganiro kirasesangura mu buryo butunganye uburyo bwo kwerekana uburyo bw’ibihimba vy’umubiri bikoreshwa n’abahinga mu bijanye n’ugusudira amabara y’incuro ziringaniye bivuye mu nzira zitatu: ingingo mfatirwako mpuzamakungu, ibipimo vy’imigenderanire, n’uburyo bwo kugerageza, bitanga ibimenyetso vy’ubuhinga bwo kugenzura ku bigo bikora ibikoresho.
I. Inzego z'ishimikiro z'uburyo bw'incuro ziringaniye
Dushingiye ku ngingo ngenderwako za ISO 14373 na GB/T 10433, ingingo zibereye zigizwe n’umuntuIncuro ziringaniyebitegerezwa gushitsa ibisabwa bine vy’ishimikiro:
- Gucungera ubunini bw'ibice
Ibisabwa ku bijanye n’uburebure: Uburebure bw’igice c’umubiri gitegerezwa kugera kuri (√t) × (4~5) mm (aho t ari uburebure bw’igipande gikomeye cane). Nk’akarorero, igihe umuntu ariko arasudira ibara ry’icuma ry’iminota 1,2, umurongo w’ivyuma ukwiye kugenzurwa hagati ya 4,8~6,0mm.
Igitigiri c’Ivyinjira: Uburebure bw’Ivyinjira mu gikoresho c’ishimikiro butegerezwa kuba Burengeye canke bungana na 20% vy’uburebure bw’urupapuro, kandi itandukaniro ry’urugero rw’ukwinjira hagati y’izo mpapuro zibiri ntirikwiye kurenga 15%.
- Ibimenyetso vy'ubushobozi bw'amashini
Inkomezi zo Gukemura: Bitegerezwa kuba Birengeye canke bingana na 350MPa ku bihimba vy’icuma bikomeye kandi Birengeye canke bingana na 220MPa ku bihimba vy’ivyuma vy’aluminium. Ivyigwa vyakozwe ku masandugu y’amabateri y’ibinyabiziga bishasha vy’inguvu vyerekana ko urugero rw’uguhinduka kw’inguvu z’ugucagura rw’ibihimba vy’umubiri bikoreshwa n’ibikoresho vy’ugusudira vy’incuro ziringaniye bigenzurwa hagati ya ±5%.
Ubuzima bw’urushe: DP780 high-inkomezi z’icuma zifatanye n’incuro ziringaniye zitegerezwa kuba zifise inkomezi z’urushe zirengeye canke zingana na 180MPa munsi y’imitwaro y’ingendo 10^6.
- Ibisobanuro vy'uburyo bwo ku ruhande
Uburebure bw’Igipande: Ntibushobora kurenga 15% vy’uburebure bw’igipande. Ku 0.8mm ikonje-ibara ry'icuma, ivyo bisigura Muto canke bingana na 0.12mm.
Spatter Control: No more than 3 spatter particles with diameter >0.5mm ku nzira y’ugusudira. Abasudira b’amabara y’incuro ziringaniye barashobora kugabanya ivyuka bitera amazi gushika munsi ya 2% biciye ku buhinga bwa DC inverter.
- Ibisabwa mu mibumbe mike
Ubushuhe-bugira ico bukoze ku bwaguke bw'aho hantu Buri munsi canke bungana na 0.4mm, ibirimwo martensite<8% (for dual-phase steel), and grain size controlled at ASTM grade 10 or higher. Data from a home appliance company shows that 304 stainless steel joints welded with medium frequency achieved a grain size of grade 12, significantly better than those from traditional AC welders.
II. Inkurikizi z'uburyo bw'incuro ziringaniye z'uburyo bwo gusudira ku buryo
MuIncuro ziringaniyekumenya neza ko uburyo bwo gukorana buhuye n'ingingo mfatirwako mu kugenzura neza ibigenderwako bitatu nyamukuru:
- Ugusudira ubu ukuri (±1.5%)
Uburemere bw'amashanyarazi bukeneye gushika kuri 80~120A/mm2. Ivyigwa vyakozwe mu ruganda rw’imodoka vyerekanye ko iyo umuntu yongeyeko umuriro kuva kuri 8kA gushika kuri 9kA, bituma umurongo w’igice c’umubiri uva kuri 5,1mm uja kuri 6,3mm, n’inkomezi z’ugukemurwa n’ibice 18 kw’ijana.
Uburyo bwihariye bwo kugenzura umuriro uhoraho bw’ubuhinga bwo guhindura incuro hagati burakuraho ingaruka z’uguhinduka kw’uruzitiro, bigatuma umuriro ushika ku 99,5%.
- Igihe co gusudira (1~500ms)
Ikosa ry’igihe ritegerezwa kuba Rito canke ringana na ±0.5ms. Igihe usudira amabara y’uburebure butandukanye bw’uburebure bwa 0.6mm{3}}mm, ukoresheje uburyo bwo kugenzura igihe bufise inzira zitatu (mbere-gufatanya 50ms, gusudira 200ms, gufata 100ms) n’incuro ziringaniyen’ugutera imbere kw’uguhuza kw’ibice vy’umubiri ku rugero rwa 40%.
- Ugushikama kw'inguvu z'umuyagankuba (±2%)
Ivyiza vy’umuvuduko ni 2~6kN. Guhinduka kw’umuvuduko bishobora gutuma umurongo w’igiti uhinduka gushika kuri ±0.3mm. Igikoresho kimwe gikora ibintu vyera carakoresheje ubuhinga bwa servo pressure system bw’umuvuduko w’amazi w’incuro ziringaniye kugira ngo kigenzure uguhinduka kw’inguvu mu ±0.05kN.
III. Uburyo bwo kugerageza uburyo n'uburyo bwo kugenzura ibikorwa
- Igerageza ry'ugusambura
Igerageza ry’Igikoresho c’Igikoresho: Rikoresha igikoresho c’urusenga c’amadegre 45 kugira ngo ritandukanye ahantu h’ugusudira. Igipande gikwiriye gikwiye kuguma kuri iyo mpapuro yose. Ivyigwa vyo kugenzura ku bijanye n’ugusudira amabateri mashasha y’inguvu vyerekanye ko 99,7% vy’abatsinze muincuro ziringaniyeingingo.
Igerageza ry’ivyuma: Rikoresha ubuhinga bwa electron microscope 500x kugira ngo umuntu yihweze igice c’umusaraba-c’ivyuma. Uburemere butegerezwa kuba<5% and crack length <0.1mm.
- Ubuhinga bwo kugerageza butagira -ugusambura (NDT)
Igerageza ry’amajwi: Gukoresha igikoresho co gupima 10MHz birashobora kumenya utunenge turi hejuru ya Φ0.3mm. Uruganda rw’imodoka rwahuje ibipimo vy’ugusudira vy’incuro ziringaniye n’ugupima kw’amajwi C-, bishika ku rugero rwo kumenya amakosa yo kuri Internet rwo ku rugero rwa 98,5%.
Igerageza ry’imishwarara ya X-: Igisubizo kigera kuri 5μm gishobora kumenya ubusa bw’ugucika intege bukeyi buri mu gice c’umubiri, cane cane bubereye gukoreshwa mu gusudira ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma.
- Gukurikirana uburyo bwa digitale
Abasudira amabara y'incuro ziringaniyegushiramwo ibice vyo kugenzura ubushobozi bwo kurwanya. Mu gukoranya umurongo w’uburemere mu gihe nyaco-mu gihe co gusudira (raba igishushanyo), ubudasa bw’uburyo burashobora kumenyekana 10ms imbere y’igihe. Inyuma yo gushiramwo ubu buhinga, ishirahamwe rimwe ryaragabanyije ibiharuro vy’amakosa yo mu bikorwa kuva kuri 0,8% gushika kuri 0,12%.
Uburyo bwo gusesangura ibipimo vyinshi- (ubu -umuvuduko-uguhinduka) bukoresha inyigisho y’imashini kugira ngo yubake urutonde rw’ibice 2000 vy’imigenderanire, bishika ku ntumbero y’ubuhanuzi bw’uburyo bw’ibice 92%.
IV. Inzira z'ingenzi z'ubuhinga bwo kwongereza uburyo
- Gutuma ibikoresho bihuza neza
Gutegura porogarama zihariye zo gusudira ibikoresho vy'ivyuma, nk'uburyo bwo "buhoro-rise current" ku bipande vy'icuma vy'ivyuma, gutuma umwotsi wa zinc usohoka neza ku rugero rwa 60% no kugabanya ivyuka bipfutse.
- Ikorabuhanga ry'indishi ry'ubwenge
Uburyo bwo gusubiza inyuma ukuntu ama electrode yasambutse bupima ihinduka ry’umurongo w’ama electrode (ukuri 0.01mm) kandi bugahindura mu buryo bukomeye umuriro wo gusudira (±3%), bugatuma ama electrode amara igihe kirekire incuro 2.5.
- Ifunze-Igenzura ry'imigenderanire y'uruzitiro
Igikoresho co gukoresha neza amaparametere gishingiye ku mahasa y'imibare -kiharura idirisha ryiza ryo gusudira biciye mu kwigana kw'ibintu. Gukoresha ku murongo wo gukora umuyaga w’umuyaga vyagabanyije igihe co gukosora ibikorwa n’ibice 70 kw’ijana.
Iciyumviro
Mu gihe c’ubuhinga bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bw’ubwenge no gutuma uburyo bugenda neza, ukugenzura uburyo bwo gukora ibintu ku bijanye n’Incuro ziringaniyejoints yarahindutse kuva ku kimenyetso kimwe c’inkomezi gushika ku mugambi w’ubuhinga butunganye ugizwe n’imiterere mitoyi, ubushobozi bukomeye, n’ugushikama kw’imigenderanire. Biciye mu guhuza ubuhinga bwo kugenzura ivy’ubuhinga bwa none n’uburyo bwo kugerageza bufise ubwenge, abahinga mu vy’ubuhinga bwa none bashobora gutuma ibiharuro vy’ubushobozi bwo gukorana biguma hejuru ya 99,9% no kugabanya ibiciro vy’ugutakaza ibisigazwa n’ibice 60%. Kubera ugushirwa mu ngiro kw’ingingo ngenderwako nshasha nka IEC 62108 n’ugukoresha cane ubuhinga bwo kubona imashini n’ubuhinga bw’amakuru manini y’inganda, ukugenzura uburyo bwo gusudira amabara y’incuro ziringaniye bizoshika ata kabuza mu gihe c’ubwenge buhambaye, bitanga ivyemezo vy’uguhuza vyizewe cane ku bijanye n’ubuhinga bwo gusudira.
